Ethics and News Values

Kate and William Invasion of Privacy

In the section of the Ofcom Broadcasting code - Legitimate Meaning of Privacy.
In this section they say that '  there may be circumstances where people can reasonably expect privacy even in a public place. Some activities and conditions may be of such a private nature that filming or recording, even in a public place, could involve an infringement of privacy.'
If you look at the whole story, although they have been claimed to be seen from the road, Kate (Duchess) was on a private property and had expectations that even if she could be seen that nothing would ever come of it.
As wrote in the artificial, British newspapers has been offered the photographs but turned them down, as they clam its intrusive.

This is a story about the printing of explicit images of the royal duchess. These were taken while the Prince and his Duchess were oh holiday in France. The images captured and shown in a french magazine. The Prince was outraged and 'had a look of absolute thunder'. while the Duchess - Kate - 'looked composed and was smiling'.

The Colser editor, Laurance Pieau said 'These photos are not in the least shocking. They show a young woman sunbathing topless, like the millions of women you see on beaches' and that 'What we saw in the pictures was a young couple that have just got married, who are in love, who are beautiful. She's a princess of the 21st Century.'

He claimed that 'They [the couple] are on the terrace of a mansion in the south of France which is not far from a road along which cars pass without any problem. They are visible from the street.'

The princes and Duchess, who were staying in the queens nephews Chateau in France said 'have been hugely saddened to learn that a French publication and a photographer have invaded their privacy in such a grotesque and totally unjustifiable manner'. 






Girls Leave To Join Isis
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This story priority is Both Domestic and foreign, this is because it about people going abroad to join a Terrorist group. 3 young girls left their home in Bethnal Green near to London city center. This type of news would be high in the need to know, so this story would probably have been published and printed as soon as news paper company's could. 
The other angles news papers could do is to do some interviews, such as interviewing there friends and families, this means they will be able to drag the story out more and get more popularity.
The news room policy of the news paper i looked as was very 'Right Wing'. This means they are more likely to blame the individuals for there decisions to leave the country more than to show them as victims. We can see this in the News Title : If Teenage Girls Want To Join Isis In The Face Of All Its Atrocities, The They Should Leave And Never Return.'
This also makes it high in the human interest because the radicalisation of young persons in the community has been high and ever since the bombings of 7/7 and the Beheading of a british soldier Lee Rigby, the public interest has been high in this sort of topic and they feel like they need to know.

Constraints On Radio News Production

Both Ofcom and BBC have different rules and regulations that have been put into place regarding the use of certain things in there media content. Breaking any one of these constraints can make you liable to be prosecuted, fined, and maybe even arrested.

Handling Of Stories Involving Minors:

Ofcom - There principle for the protection of minors is 'To ensure people under eighteen are protected'.
The regulations are as follows:

• Material ha might seriously impair the physical, mental or moral development of people under eighteen must not be broadcast.
• In the provision of services, broadcasters must take all reasonable steppes to protect people under eighteen. for television services, this is in addition o there obligations resulting from the audiovisual media services direct line.
• Children must also be protected by appropriate scheduling from material that is unsuitable for them. (Children are people under the age of fifteen years)

BBC - There principles and guidelines are as follows:

• We must ensure that the physical and emotional welfare and the dignity of children and young people is protected during the making and broadcasting of our content, irrespective of any consent given by them or by a parent, guardian or other person acting in loco parents. There interests and safety must take priority over any editorial requirement.
• We must ensure that children and young people are not caused unnecessary anxiety or distress by their involvement in our output. Their involvement must be clearly editorially justified, consents should be obtained as appropriate to there circumstances of the child/young person and the nature of the contribution and output,and supporter should be give to them where necessary.

These would come into effect if say i had a story about a young child being abused and beaten. If i obtained images to do with the beating and i had received some information that doesn't go against the rules of Minors. i still may not publish this because eve though it isn't against the rules its unethical.  

Contempt Of Court:

Their isn't set regulations about this section, but that's basically means that if any judge had passed a verdict that someones name will not be used in any media of anykind, and a publisher, publises an artical with the persons name on it, the editor and the publisher could be sued, fined or even arrested.

Libel and Defamation: 

This in simpler terms means that is untrue may be published. This could be anything from false accusations, to fake images. If the story isn't true they cannot publish it.

Coverage Of Elections:

Ofcom - Their Principles for the coverage of elections are 'To ensure that the special impartiality requirements in the communications act 2003 and other legislation relation to broadcasting on elections and referendums, are applied at the time of elections and referendums.'

• The rule in section five, in particular the rules of maters of major political or industrial controversy and major maters relating to current public policy, apply to the coverage of elections and referendums. ( The rules in section five are ' News, In what ever form, must be reported with due accuracy and presented with due impartiality. - Significant mistakes in news should normally be acknowledged and corrected on air quickly. corrections should be appropriately scheduled. - No politician may be used as a newsreader, Interviewer or reporter in any news programs unless, exceptionally, it is editorially justified. In that case, The political allegiance of that person must be made clear to the audience.)

BBC - There principles are as follows:

• The BBC's commitment to impartiality and fairness is under intense scrutiny when reporting election campaigns. Political parties are likely to seek to influence editorial decisions. Programmes makers and other content producers should take all complaints seriously and be aware tat anything they say may be construed as 'BBC policy'. It should be explained to complainants that general complaints or allegations of bias must always be dealt with at a higher level, and the complaint should the be referred accordingly.
• We should make, and be able to defend, our editorial decisions on the basis that they are reasonable and carefully reached, with due impartiality. To achieve this we must ensure that :
• News judgments continue to drive editorial decisions making in news based programmes.
• News judgments at election time are made within a framework of democratic debate which ensures that due weight is given to hearing the views and examining the challenging the policies of all parties. significant smaller parties should also receive some network coverage during campaign.
• When producing UK-wide output, we are aware of the different political structures in the four nations of the united kingdom and that the are reflected in election coverage of each nation.
• The way in which due impartiality is achieved between parties will vary, depending on the format, output and platform. It may be done in a single item, a single programme, a series of programmes or items, or over the course of the campaign as a whole. But the programme makers and content producers must take responsibility of achieving due impartiality in there own output and no rely on other BBC content or services to redress any imbalance for the,.

Introduction

I am a researcher working for the BBC's newsroom, I am tasked with compiling a style guide for new journalists on formats. In this Unit i will be creating a blog written report that defines a variety of radio news programs.

Forms Of Radio News

Bulletin – A brief report, especially an official statement on a matter of public interest issued for immediate publication or broadcast.

1:30 - 7:17 Read By Susan Ray - This is a good example of bulletin's. we know this is a bulletin because it is followed by the headlines and goes into more depth ad detail.
The way she does this is starts of with the headline, then starts talking about whats happened. this is done with a voicer done by another reporter. They fill in what the headline didn't.

Headline – The title or headlining of an article, especially in a newspaper, usually set in large type. This describes the context of the news that will be followed.

his is read by Martha Carney This shows the up coming news reports, these are short descriptions on whats going to be in the news program. These contain audio clips. The way they talk leads one story onto another. But i is a short description on whats happening and is going to happen in the program.

News Program – A program devoted to current events often using interviews and commentary.

BBC World At One - Radio 4. - Martha Camney. this is a perfect example for a news program because people know this program will be one every day at 1pm. This allows people to listen to it daily and stay updated.

Copy only – This is where a news reader sits there and talks about current events. This means no cross overs or interviews.
At the time of 2:54 - 3:06. The 7 second murder story is a good Copy Only script. This is because the reader talks directly off the print with no cross overs and no voices.

With audio clips – This is where a news broadcast holds vocal interviews or information that has been pre-recorded.
Chris Mason is telling a story about parliament and they use pre-recorded information containing ed milliband, Nick Clegg and George Osborne. This repoter picks out key aspects of the recording that helps him tell his story.

Voice’s – (Radio dispatches) are a staple of radio news programmes. They do short 30-90 second cuts. These can be from either in the field or in the studio. They focus on being punchy and factual.
There is a good voice' example because at the time 3:07 - 4:10. They use a sports correspondent. they use him to explain more of the news story but this is a voice over because it will have been pre-recorded and just played when the time is right.

Wraps – These are found at the ending of each different story. They are used to conclude a subject and continue onto the next one. Some of these could be ‘In other news’. This means the current story has finished and the next one is e.c.t
Tory Spending - there is a story in this time between 1:29 and 2:53. At the end there's a perfect example of a Wrap. because the story ends and thee is an abnormally long pause causing the next story to be introduced without thinking it was part of the story before.

Live cross – This is where someone in the studio (The Presenters) cross over to another reporter, these reporters are usually out of the studio and in the field.

A the ime 27:00 - 32:00 is a live cross to a reporter out of the studio, This is a interview with a reporter at boundary park.

Two way (live and ‘as-live’) – These are very similar to a live cross but these can be pre-recorded. This means they can be shown at any time, regardless if the reporter is in the studio or our. This is also when a reporter is out of the studio and talks with a reporter inside the studio. 
The reporter talks about a document, she reads out comments in the document then compare is with a different document. She then does an interview, This means she is in the studio asking questions and someone (Who may be out of the studio) is answering the questions. This is sort of a 3 way interview with the listener, the reporter and the interviewee.

Styles Of Radio News

Related to Audience - This style of radio news is basically news that relates to a specific targeet audience. This can be summed up by a few examples:

• Gaydieo's News - Things that may concern the gay community. Such as gay crime, or gay laws. anything that may involve or incise the gay community
• BBC 1 - Things that relate to 15 - 29 year old's. This is because that's there target audience. This means there news will be related to there audience, Such as news for students, The youth, School leavers. Also news on student loans and car insurance and so on.

Public Service - Public service radio news consists of news that will be important to the public, this means it will be un-bias and true. This will be like currant affairs, or news situations that the public would like to know. also there might be a bit of celebrity news.

Commercial - Radio stations of this type will be uding news on sales and products. These can be anything from going back to school offers, to car insurance.

Community - This type of news will be small scaled and about the surrounding areas. This will be about things tat people in the area might need to know. also it may contain a bit of national news if it is big enough.

Small-Scale - The small scale radio would be like a college radio. e.g. E6 Radio (Eccles college radio) These types of radio will be doing news based on things around college like new 

Local - These for example would be like Salford Radio. This is very local news. This type of news will consist of things that will concern students. such as deals, and music, and Student loans.

Regional - Regional Radio news is news for a specific area that is broadcast over a certain area to allow people that it matters too, to be able to hear it. This is often don't by regional radio channels but can be done over national radio stations, This is because some national radio stations have regional stations.

• Key 103 - Mainly cover news that relates to the Manchester Area, but could contain information about the whole of the UK.
• BBC - North west, The will be showing news based on the area and if needed nws on the whole of the UK. If people from the North West need to know.

National - The clue is in the name really. This type of news will be across the nation. it will concern most people and even if it doesn't it will still be aired if it is big enough.